3 Hom PPR yog dab tsi?
Dec 15, 2023
3 hom PPR yog dab tsi?
PPR, uas sawv cev rau Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej, yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam los xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Nws suav nrog ntau yam khoom siv tiv thaiv uas tsim los txo qis kev raug mob hauv chaw ua haujlwm. Muaj peb hom PPR: kev tiv thaiv ua pa, tiv thaiv qhov muag thiab lub ntsej muag, thiab tiv thaiv lub taub hau. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav delve tob rau hauv txhua yam ntawm cov hom no, tshawb txog lawv lub hom phiaj, cov khoom, thiab cov qauv.
Kev tiv thaiv ua pa
Kev tiv thaiv ua pa yog qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas cov neeg ua haujlwm raug cuam tshuam rau cov khoom phom sij, xws li plua plav, pa taws, roj av, lossis vapors. Nws pab tswj txoj kev ua pa ntawm txoj kev ncaj ncees thiab tiv thaiv kev nqus ntawm cov khoom phom sij. Muaj ntau ntau hom kev tiv thaiv ua pa, nrog rau lub tshuab ua pa thiab lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg.
1. Lub tshuab ua pa:
Lub tshuab ua pa yog ib yam khoom siv uas npog lub qhov ntswg thiab qhov ncauj lossis tag nrho lub ntsej muag los tiv thaiv cov pa phem. Lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg tseem ceeb: cov tshuab ua pa kom huv (APRs) thiab cov tshuab ua pa cua (ASRs).
- Air-Purifying Respirators (APRs): Cov cuab yeej no lim tawm cov pa paug tawm, muab huab cua nyab xeeb thiab huv rau cov neeg siv. Muaj peb hom subtypes ntawm APRs:
a. Particulate Respirators: Cov tshuab ua pa no tiv thaiv cov khoom siv los yog kua aerosols, xws li plua plav, pa taws, los yog huab cua. Lawv feem ntau hu ua N95 lub tshuab ua pa, vim tias lawv tau tsim los lim tawm tsawg kawg 95% ntawm cov pa tawm.
b. Gas thiab Vapor Filters: Cov lim dej no tshem tawm cov pa roj thiab vapors ntawm huab cua ua ntej nws mus txog tus neeg siv. Lawv feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam uas cov neeg ua haujlwm raug rau cov tshuaj phem.
c. Combination Filters: Cov lim dej no muab kev tiv thaiv ob qho tib si thiab cov pa phem / vapors. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj ntau yam phom sij.
- Atmosphere-Supplying Respirators (ASRs): Tsis zoo li APRs, ASRs muab huab cua huv rau cov neeg siv los ntawm ib qho chaw ywj pheej ntawm ib puag ncig. Muaj peb hom subtypes ntawm ASRs:
a. Supplied-Air Respirators (SARs): Cov tshuab ua pa no xa huab cua huv los ntawm lub dav hlau lossis hose txuas rau qhov chaw deb.
b. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA): SCBAs tau hnav los ntawm cov neeg tua hluav taws thiab lwm tus uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv ua pa kom tiav hauv qhov chaw tsis muaj oxygen.
c. Combination Respirators: Cov tshuab ua pa no ua ke cov yam ntxwv ntawm APRs thiab ASRs, muab kev tiv thaiv ntau yam tsim nyog rau ntau qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
2. Qhov ncauj qhov ntswg:
Qhov ncauj qhov ntswg yog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv uas npog lub qhov ntswg thiab qhov ncauj yam tsis muaj lub ntsej muag tag. Lawv feem ntau yog siv los tiv thaiv kev kis tus kab mob sib kis, xws li COVID-19. Qhov ncauj qhov ntswg tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: lub ntsej muag phais thiab lim lub ntsej muag ua pa (FFRs).
- Qhov ncauj qhov ntswg phais: Cov qhov ncauj qhov ntswg yog xoob-fitting thiab feem ntau yog siv los ntawm cov kws kho mob thaum cov txheej txheem kho mob. Lawv tiv thaiv cov tee dej loj thiab txaws tab sis tsis muab kev tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg tiv thaiv huab cua.
- Lim Facepiece Respirators (FFRs): FFRs, feem ntau hu ua N95 qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, yog tsim los lim tawm tsawg kawg 95% ntawm cov pa hauv huab cua. Lawv kaw nruj nreem rau ntawm lub ntsej muag, ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo thiab tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv cov pa paug.
Qhov muag thiab ntsej muag tiv thaiv
Cov iav tiv thaiv lub qhov muag thiab lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv lub qhov muag thiab lub ntsej muag los ntawm tej yam kev puas tsuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob, xws li cov khib nyiab ya, dej txaws, tshuaj lom neeg, lossis hluav taws xob. Hom PPE no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam xws li kev tsim kho, kev tsim khoom, kev tuav tshuaj, thiab kev kho mob. Muaj ntau ntau hom kev tiv thaiv qhov muag thiab lub ntsej muag muaj:
1. Safety Glasses: Cov tsom iav kev nyab xeeb muaj kev tiv thaiv qhov muag ntawm cov khoom me me, plua plav, thiab kev cuam tshuam me me. Lawv feem ntau yog ua los ntawm polycarbonate lo ntsiab muag thiab muaj cov ntaub thaiv npog rau kev tiv thaiv ntxiv.
2. Safety Goggles: Cov tsom iav kev nyab xeeb muab kev tiv thaiv qhov muag ntau dua los ntawm kev tsim lub foob nyob ib puag ncig lub qhov muag, tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm cov tshuaj txau, vapors, thiab cov khib nyiab ya. Lawv yog cov kev xaiv uas nyiam nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab.
3. Lub ntsej muag Shields: Cov ntaub thaiv npog ntsej muag npog tag nrho lub ntsej muag, muab kev tiv thaiv ntau yam kev phom sij, suav nrog tshuaj lom neeg tawg, sparks, thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom loj. Lawv feem ntau siv ua ke nrog lwm yam kev tiv thaiv qhov muag, xws li tsom iav kev nyab xeeb lossis tsom iav.
4. Welding Helmets: Vuam kaus mom hlau yog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev tiv thaiv thaum vuam txheej txheem. Lawv tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag, qhov muag, thiab caj dab los ntawm lub teeb hnyav, ci ntsa iab, thiab cov khib nyiab ya.
Tiv thaiv taub hau
Kev tiv thaiv lub taub hau yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam uas cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob taub hau los ntawm cov khoom poob, cuam tshuam, lossis hluav taws xob muaj teeb meem. Nws ua haujlwm ua thawj kab ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev raug mob taub hau thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim loj. Hom kev tiv thaiv lub taub hau feem ntau yog cov kaus mom tawv lossis cov kaus mom kev nyab xeeb.
1. Cov kaus mom tawv lossis cov kaus mom kev nyab xeeb: Cov kaus mom tawv tawv muab kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam thiab kev nkag mus los ntawm kev nqus thiab faib cov quab yuam ntawm lub tshuab. Lawv yog ua los ntawm ib tug nruj txheej txheej thiab ib tug ncua kev kawm ntawv system uas ua raws li ib tug shock absorber, txo qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub taub hau. Qee lub kaus mom tawv kuj muab kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab kub hnyiab.
Xaus
PPR ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig txaus ntshai. Kev tiv thaiv ua pa, tiv thaiv qhov muag thiab ntsej muag, thiab kev tiv thaiv lub taub hau yog peb hom PPR. Txhua hom ua haujlwm rau lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb, tiv thaiv qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev los ntawm ntau yam kev phom sij. Los ntawm kev muab cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog PPE tsim nyog, cov tswv haujlwm tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm chaw ua haujlwm raug mob, raug mob, thiab mob. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus qhia siv PPR thiab cov kev cai kom ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev tiv thaiv.
